technique
Maintaining a Sterile Field
Why use a non-sterile dental bib when there are safer sterile options that are proven moisture barriers? Options and discussion.
Hand Hygiene — NEJM
Hand Hygiene in the New England Journal of Medicine Complete with interesting video Hand Hygiene Yves Longtin, M.D., Hugo Sax, M.D., Benedetta Allegranzi, M.D., Franck Schneider, and Didier Pittet, M.D. N Engl J Med 2011; 364:e24 March 31, 2011
Brian Skellie offers freehand piercing workshop in Sweden at Tribe 20th anniversary event
Brian Skellie teaches aseptic freehand piercing skills in Sweden at Tribe 20th anniversary event
Brian Skellie teaches immediate use sterilization skills in Italy at APTPI Congress
Brian Skellie teaches sterilization skills for the professional body piercer and tattooist in Milan at the 7th APTPI congress
Statim misconceptions
Did you read confusing STATIM information in the old APP Procedure Manual? (prior to 2013 edition)
STATIM in the old APP Procedure Manual
In the current 2013 edition of the APP Procedure Manual, I helped correct the previously confusing references to Statim autoclaves.
The current 2013 version of the guidelines refer to the Statim and the acceptable use of unwrapped sterilization methods.
Quotes from the 2013 APP procedure manual:
Sterilization Methods:
Benchtop Sterilization
- Steam under pressure (saturated steam/steam autoclave): 220-270 kpa pressure at 132° Centigrade (270° Fahrenheit) for 3-40 minutes depending on cycle.
- Steam autoclave process types
- Steam flush-pressure pulse (type S):
“Another design in steam sterilization is a steam flush-pressure pulsing process, which removes air rapidly by repeatedly alternating a steam flush and a pressure pulse above atmospheric pressure. Air is rapidly removed from the load as with the prevacuum sterilizer, but air leaks do not affect this process because the steam in the sterilizing chamber is always above atmospheric pressure. Typical sterilization temperatures and times are 132°C to 135°C with 3 to 4 minutes exposure time for porous loads and instruments.” The Statim is an example of a type S steam flush pressure pulse autoclave, which is acceptable for sterilization.
Aseptic Field
The actual procedure surface is referred to as an “aseptic field,” and is a sterilized surface that becomes exposed to air contact only at the beginning of the piercing procedure. The aseptic field used by most piercers is the sterile inside surface of a freshly opened large autoclave or sterile glove package, Statim cassette, rigid sterilization container, or sterilized tray. Once the package is opened, sterile tools, needles, jewelry, and disposables can be dropped onto the inside surface for use. The exterior of sterilized packages such as those containing the jewelry should not touch the aseptic field; the contents should be carefully dispensed onto it.
DISPOSABLE SUPPLIES
To minimize the risk of cross-contamination and to ensure that piercing room procedures are as clean as possible, many components of the tray setup must be disposable. Unless supplies are purchased presterilized* or will be sterilized in an autoclave immediately prior to the procedure, all disposables must be individually packaged in autoclave bags, sterilized, and remain intact in their pouches stored in enclosed, nonporous drawers or containers until use. Disposable materials that must be sterilized include: marking implements, piercing needles, corks or synthetic stoppers, elastic bands, swabs, and gauze.
* This includes only FDA-cleared items that are commercially sterilized according to accepted medical standards. The supplier must make documentation of appropriate sterilization available.
The following is to clarify the inconsistencies in the previous editions:
Selected freehand piercings
Here is a glimpse of a few piercings I performed during an exhibition for colleagues in New England. I enjoy sharing ideas and techniques with my peers. Let me know what you think.
My goal is an atraumatic aseptic technique: Primum non nocere
All of these piercings were performed without clamps using the STATIM 2000 autoclave, sterilized single use equipment, sterile nitrile gloves, and the titanium jewelry was anodized with the Reactive Metals Micro anodizer.
Preparing nonwoven gauze compresses for drapes Diamond cutout for drape window Simple setup in the Statim 2000 cassette Male nipple piercing without clamps Eyebrow piercing without clamps Tragus piercing posterior to anterior without clamps Aseptic navel piercing with sterile gloves and fenestrated sterile drape. An example of surgical use for a fenestrated sterile drape An example sterile drape
Skin antiseptics for piercing preparation
Thoughts on options for skin cleaning prior to body art procedures.
If a product is not labeled for surgical preparation, it really doesn’t matter how good of a hand and body soap or cleanser it is. It would only be a really strong hand wash product, or possibly aftercare for our purposes.
Choose a product that has claims as a “surgical skin preparation” because “scrub” alone is only the first step as cleaning. A two step “scrub then paint” process is appropriate and advised by CDC. That involves a solvent or detergent scrub to clean followed by the surgical antiseptic to kill microbes to an irreducible minimum level of contamination.
What does the evidence suggest that we use?

- I’ve been using FDA approved skin prep PVP-I, CHG or alcoholic CHG, or alcohol depending on the area, with a preference for sterile products, and keep looking for other safe, appropriate options.
- For oral preparation, an antiseptic mouthwash containing CPC or dilute H2O2 and friction.
I’m still looking for a universal surgical preparation agent, and have not found anything on the market that is both proven and FDA approved other than PVP-I, CHG based products and alcohol. I don’t want to recommend anything unless it is tested and labeled for the purpose.